BETA-GAL STAINING OF XENOPUS
β-Gal Staining of Xenopus Embryos
Materials
Staining solution is prepared in PBS + 2 mM MgCl2. Keep wrapped in foil in fridge at 4° C.
Material | For 10 mL | For 1 L |
20 mM K3Fe(CN)6 | 0.06 g | 6 g |
20 mM K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O | 0.08 g | 8 g |
0.01% deoxycholic acid | 0.001 g | 0.1 g |
0.02% NP-40 | 2 λ | 200 λ |
Above materials are in PBS + 2 mM MgCl2 |
Procedure
- Fix embryos for 30 minutes to 1 hour (no more!) in MEMFA (while nutating).
- Rinse 2 times with PBS + 2 mM MgCl2.
- Transfer to staining solution (max. volume).
- Transfer to X-gal mix: add 100 λ of the 50 mg/ml stuff (small brown bottle in -20 °C freezer) per 5 ml of embryo sample in staining solution. Use a minimal volume (5 ml is more than enough for 1 scint. vial) – this stuff is expensive. To develop more rapidly and with a deeper purple color, add 5 λ of NBT (NBT stock as for in situs: 75 mg/ml in 70% dimethyl formamide / 30% water) to 10 ml of final developing mix.
- Incubate at 37 °C in the dark (wrapped in tin foil) until desirable stain develops (a few hours to 24 hours).
- Rinse in PBS, and twice in Methanol. Samples can be stored here.
- Clear in Benzyl Benzoate : Benzyl Alcohol (2:1) if desired. BB:BA is very toxic; it is not water mixable (clean glass with ethanol) and melts plastic, so use it in glass only. It will also leech the stain out of embryos (which become brittle) in a while. You should photograph your samples in a watch-glass.
This protocol is from Levin laboratory under Dr. Michael Levin at Tufts University.